Des lieux inattendus

De Brogan Luke Geurts. Traduit de l’anglais par Alice Vrinat. Photo de Mariam Armisen

Je suis entré dans le bureau un après-midi après le déjeuner, comme n’importe quel autre jour, un peu fatigué et stressé en pensant à ce que je devais finir pendant les prochaines heures. Alors que j’entrai dans la plus petite pièce que la plupart d’entre nous partagions, j’ai entendu une de mes collègues raconter aux autres ce qui était clairement une histoire intéressante.

Elle avait participé récemment à une autre formation sur la gestion de données. Curieusement, pendant la formation, la discussion en est venue aux droits des LGBT, reconnaissant qu’ils étaient souvent oubliés, ce qui sembla être une révélation pour elle. Au cours de la discussion, elle partagea son sentiment personnel sur la question, qu’elle nous répéta en ces termes: “Personnellement, cela n’est pas compatible avec ma religion, mais ce sont des êtres humains et ils ont des droits en tant que tels et nous devrions donc les protéger.” Ils devraient pouvoir vivre librement, sainement et dignement.

A ce moment-là, cela faisait quatre mois que j’avais commencé un nouveau stage dans une organisation kenyane travaillant avec les consommateurs de drogues et les prisonniers. Je n’avais fait mon coming out qu’auprès d’amis vivant dans des pays lointains.

Au fil de la conversation, elle se querella un peu avec nos collègues (hommes et femmes), y compris avec la personne qui était également présente à la formation. Mais elle continua à exprimer sa position en quelque sorte positive. Bien qu’il fût prévu que la discussion se poursuive sur les questions de religion et de « moralité » mais ça s’est concentrée uniquement sur les droits humains.

C’était une femme que je savais militante engagée et une de celles avec qui vous ne voudriez pas vous disputer; mais aussi une des seules musulmanes au bureau qui portait le niqab quand elle sortait. Les gens ont toujours essayé de me convaincre que les musulmanes, mais plus encore, les musulmanes portant le niqab, ne supportaient pas les queers et ne pouvaient absolument pas être féministes. J’ai toujours essayé de résister à ces préjugés et de désapprendre ces idées, pourtant je n’en étais pas moins un peu surpris de constater sa conviction.

Sa conviction devint un des actes d’amour les plus profonds et les plus exaltants pour moi personnellement; un acte d’amour qui fait encore intensément écho chez moi aujourd’hui. J’avais trouvé de l’amour là où, honnêtement, je ne m’y serai jamais attendu. Elle rompait ouvertement avec les strictes normes patriarcales et sociétales pour témoigner de l’amour même si cela « ne faisait pas partie de sa religion », ce qui à mon sens est révolutionnaire. D’autres collègues partageaient le même point de vue, des musulmans, des chrétiens, des hommes et des femmes, mais aucun ne l’a clamé de la même manière.

Ce n’était pas la première fois que j’avais entendu quelqu’un parler des LGBT, en particulier des questions homos et trans au travail. Elles ont même été évoquées lors de mon premier jour au bureau, mais toujours en lien avec des données sur les hommes qui ont des rapports avec les hommes, les populations les plus exposées, le sida, la prostitution, ou la sensibilisation auprès d’un groupe cible ; voilà, rien de plus. Pour la première fois j’entendais mes collègues discuter des questions LGBT hors d’un contexte stigmatisant, et bien au contraire, dans un contexte purement humanitaire. La discussion n’était pas encouragée par un article sensationnel repris dans les medias ou par des exigences de bailleurs de fond néo-colonialistes, elle était venue de leur propre volonté.

Dans les mois qui ont suivi, cette même conversation a engendré plus de dialogues et de reconnaissance. Même si certains collègues l’ont fait de manière plus rhétorique qu’autre chose, ils se sont demandés pourquoi nous ne travaillions pas davantage dans le soutien aux populations LGBT, ou comment nous pourrions être plus ouverts. En tant que membres d’un groupe œuvrant souvent pour la diminution des préjudices contre ceux qui sont criminalisés, je crois que certains ont réalisé les conséquences profondes que la violence d’Etat et la stigmatisation ont sur ceux d’entre nous qui sont poussés en marge de la société d’une manière ou d’une autre. Ils savaient que l’amour inconditionnel est le meilleur moyen de montrer son soutien. Ils savaient que se lever pour ces individus et rejeter les notions sociétales est révolutionnaire ; rester réceptif et ne pas représenter leurs expériences mais laisser les concernés représenter leurs propres expériences est révolutionnaire.

Ce n’est que des mois plus tard que j’ai pleinement réalisé l’impact que cela eût, deux ans plus tard cette expérience marque toujours mon esprit. En réalité elle deviendra un des moments clés de la redéfinition de ma propre identité sur laquelle je m’interrogeais à ce moment-là, ainsi que sur ma compréhension toujours changeante de l’amour, du militantisme, de la solidarité et des (micro)révolutions.

Trouver cet amour révolutionnaire dans un lieu où je n’avais pas prévu de le trouver m’a donné la confiance pour être à l’aise avec qui j’étais en tant que queer. Nous les queers somme qualifiés d’intrinsèquement faibles, de malades, de bons à rien, on nous dit que nos vies n’ont pas d’importance, que nous ne sommes pas essentiels, or ceci m’a appris à combattre, résister et désapprendre ces idées. Nous les queers possédons une quantité infinie d’histoires où nous espérions trouver de l’amour et avons fait face au rejet, et bien que l’opinion exprimée n’était pas la plus idéale, positive et ouverte, elle sembla malgré tout révolutionnaire. Cela m’a rappelé pour quoi je me bats, mes privilèges, l’importance de l’amour, et à être parfois attentif dans des lieux « imprévisibles » ou étranges.

Depuis cet après-midi, elle devint une de mes meilleurs amis. Je me sentais parfois plus à l’aise en compagnie de cet amour « imprévisible » que celle de mes collègues « ouverts » de pays européens. J’ai encore plus apprécié d’aller travailler. Je me souviens d’avoir considéré la possibilité d’un coming out au travail en pensant que cela ne les dérangerait pas, qu’il y avait un espace possible pour mon identité, mais en fait je ne me suis jamais senti complètement à l’aise ou assez en confiance pour fièrement exprimer mon identité, comme j’aurais dû.

‘Unexpected’ Places

By Brogan Luke Geurts. Photo by Mariam Armisen

I walked into the office after lunch one afternoon, just like any other day, a little tired and a little hot thinking about what I needed to finish in the next few hours. As I walked into the smaller room most of us shared, I heard one of my female colleagues telling what was clearly an interesting story to a few others.

She had recently just attended yet another training on data management. Somehow LGBT rights entered a discussion during the training, recognizing us as often forgotten about, which seemed to create a sort of epiphany for her. As the conversation progressed, it came up what she personally thought, in which she iterated, “Personally, it is not with my religion but they are humans and have human rights so we should protect them.” They should be able to live free, healthy, dignified lives.

At the time it was about four months after I started a new internship in a Kenyan organization working with people who use drugs and with prisoners. I was only out to friends in distant countries.

As the conversation turned, she argued a bit with both our male and female colleagues, including the other person who had attended the training. Yet she continued to vocalize her somewhat positive opinion. Although expected for the conversation to turn to a discussion about religion and ‘morality’ it turned purely to a discussion about human rights.

A woman who I knew as a strong activist and one you really shouldn’t try and argue with; but also a woman who was one of the few Muslim women in the office who also wore a niqab when she went out. For most of my life people have continued to try and teach me that not only Muslim women but particularly Muslim women who wear a niqab, cannot support us as queers and definitely cannot be feminists. I always tried to resist and unlearn such ideas, yet I still remained a bit surprised to witness her conviction.

Her conviction became one the most profound and inspiring acts of love for myself personally; one that still deeply resonates with me today. I had found love in a place I honestly never expected. She was overtly breaking strict patriarchal and societal norms to show love even if it was “not part of her religion”, which in my mind is revolutionary. There were other colleagues who shared similar viewpoints, Muslim, Christian, men and women but none of them vocalized it in the same way.

It wasn’t the first time I had heard someone discuss LGBT, particularly gay and trans issues in the office. Even on my first day they were mentioned, but always connected to MSM, MARPS, HIV, sex work, data or an outreach target group; that was all, nothing more. For the first time I was hearing my colleagues discuss LGBT issues without that same stigmatizing context but in a purely human rights context. There was no sensational media story or neo-colonialist donor requirement prompting this discussion but it was of their own accord.

In the coming months this one conversation spurred further dialogue and recognition. Even though probably more rhetorical in their nature, some colleagues began to ask why are we were not doing more to support LGBT people or how we could be more inclusive. As a group practicing harm reduction with often those who are criminalized, I believe some could realize the deep impacts state violence and stigmatization has on those of us who are pushed to the fringes of society in one way or another. They knew that one must show unconditional love as the best means of support. They knew standing up for these individuals and rejecting societal notions is revolutionary, staying sensitive and not representing their experiences but letting them represent their own experiences is revolutionary.

It was months later that I fully realized what impact this had, two years later this single experience still stands out in my mind. In fact it would become one of the redefining moments of my own identity that I was questioning at the time as well as my ever-changing understanding of love, activism, solidarity, and (micro) revolutions.

Finding that revolutionary love in such a place I didn’t necessarily expect gave me the confidence to be comfortable with who I am as a queer person. As queers we are often taught that we are inherently weak, sick, worthless, that our lives do not matter, that we are not vital, but this taught me to fight, resist and unlearn such ideas. As queers we possess a limitless amount of stories where we hoped to find love but rather found rejection, and although the opinion expressed wasn’t the most ideal, positive, or accepting it still felt revolutionary. It reminded me what I am fighting for, of my privilege, the importance of love, and that sometimes to look in ‘unexpected’ or even strange places.

After that afternoon she became one of my closest friends. At times I would feel more comfortable being in the company of this “unexpected” love rather than that of my ‘accepting’ colleagues from European countries. I liked going to work even more. I remember contemplating coming out to my colleagues thinking that they wouldn’t really mind, that there was possibly space for my identity, but in reality I never really felt fully comfortable or secure enough to proudly declare my identity, as I should have.

Kouraj

A Cases Rebelles’ conversation with Charlot Jeudy, President, Executive Committee of Kouraj (Haiti). Photos by Lorenzo Tassone and Kouraj

We live as the unwelcomed in most places since normally to go to the beach where other men might know your sexual orientation must immediately make you unwelcome ; in restaurants, bars and most other places we do not belong. This was the start of our own “ghettoization”. It was necessary for us to ghettotize ourselves off because when it was just us we could be free spirits, where there weren’t any worries or judgment. Judgment between us was non-existent. We could speak inside the group freely and if someone said something no one gave it a second thought.

This led to the formation in 2009 of Ami-ami (Friend-Friend), the first organization. Previously I had already been involved in numerous organizations in my neighborhood, but I understood that when it came to gay identity it was a non-starter to organize around even if there were many others who would have wanted to participate with me, who would have liked to have me join their causes but held back, they didn’t say as much but their reticence showed clearly there was a problem.

Some used to tell me: “Charlot, you are our Masisi.” And then they would go: “You know we don’t like dealing with Masisis, but we know you, you are our Masisi – the Masisi of our neighborhood.”

So I grew up and told myself it was time to force the conversation on this problem. One evening at the birthday celebration of one of our friends named Jean-Andre, we were all together and having a good time in the Bolosse neighborhood. We were having an amazing time and we all knew it was amazing- we had no worries because we were together and we danced. The only chance that we ever had to feel like that was when we created our own space for it, and it was obvious we needed to keep creating these spaces, and this led to the creation of Ami-Ami, and we started with some first gatherings – “Back To School”, “Homo”, “Homonaval”. There were loads of cultural events happening but we’d always stayed under quiet. We had to create our own space within them. Ami-Ami was this space and with a mission to acknowledge and promote the cultural values of the LGBT community, the M community as we say – Masisi (gay), Madivin (lesbian), Makomé (transgender) and Miks (bisexual).

After we were in 2010, with the massive earthquake that struck the country and brought destruction on all of us. And we saw a large number of Western evangelicals, especially from the United States, arrive under the pretext of preaching the gospel and the return of Christ. This soon became preaching homophobia and hate towards our community M, blaming the earthquake that had struck the country on sex between men, between women.

Don’t forget that 65% of the country was illiterate and didn’t have any deep understanding behind the cause of seismic movements.

Personally during that time, I tried to contact my friends to know if they were alive, because after you checked on your own family and loved ones you had to then see if your friends and neighbors were alright, you know, considering the earthquake wreaked havoc on everything everyone remained shocked for a long time. As a member of the community I had to do my part after the 12th January, to pull dead bodies out into the streets, look for help, for NGOs, try to help solve problems and find the lost. Many other friends found themselves in the camps for 2 or 3 months after the earthquakes and in them our Republic became more of a theocracy run by the religious. Everyone was preaching and the preachers were foremost attacking gays and transsexuals. When I had finally located the others I told myself “well Charlot, we need Ami-Ami to become KOURAJ (COURAGE)” to fight these nasty rumors that were circulating the camps, so I got some of our group together that were living in the camps. Those in the camps were being heavily persecuted and forced to leave to find shelter elsewhere due to what was coming from these preachers (saying they were sinners, etc.). More and more of these kinds of attacks were happening and so we changed Ami-Ami to “Kouraj to protect human rights”, then we launched ourselves into a new direction to fight sexual and gender identity discrimination in all forms.

And I am someone who believes wholeheartedly in the value of human rights and that the only thing that will ultimately change this country is a different politic.

I was actually so willing to stay in my country, invest in the future and make a progress, but being gay in this country… I remember when I was in 9th grade and I wrote in my notebook “to be gay in this country requires guts and courage”. And some years after that, I created – with some friends of course – an organization we called Kouraj. It’s like a dream I’m living, but this is what I wrote 7 or 8 years ago. Because no one I met would ever have believed that, would ever have lived as they really were, stayed themselves, you understand. Yet there are a lot of things spoken about the M community which are lies and those attacked and those targeted must stay and spread the truth. None of us alone holds the complete truth but we and all the others each have one part of the truth which we can represent completely if stuck together. This is our only chance of moving forward.

I think it’s necessary that I make my own contribution, assume my responsibility and give back to Haiti what Haiti has given me over 29 years. Some people say that I’m offensive. Then I tell them that they have been offending me for 29 years now. I can’t give back what I have never received.

I have only received offenses. But I think at that time it was kind of understandable — people had been afflicted and frustrated for very long, and such frustration is now emerging, as when we say that the truth comes out like oil on water. Violent behaviors hurt me or others. Not only were homosexuals and lesbians the victims of violence, but also the overall population, especially in tough neighborhoods. But, let’s not overlook the many other problems caused by political leaders with regards to human rights abuse, including the abuses of women and child rights. Countless other issues pop in mind – such as food shortage and housing problems, etc. But for the M community, no one was up to address the issue; I thought we would be helpful if we all got engaged in our fight for LGBT rights. These difficulties affect us day after day. And it doesn’t quite look like the situation will make a turn in 2014. Rather, our society is still in crisis.

As I see it, the good formula doesn’t lie on the hands of only one person but the hands of us all. It is necessary that we look at Haiti’s formula and turn a blind eye to certain things — because, otherwise, in our attempt to carry on, we will not be able to be united. It’s said that we should make a change together, we are all on the same path, even if, once there, once the deadlock is overcome, I will step down and you take my place. Let’s get together to break this deadlock. That’s essential to me. That’s how I see it, that’s how I live my life.